Dr Abe V Rotor
Living with Nature - School on Blog [avrotor.blogspot.com]
Paaralang Bayan sa Himpapawid (People's School-on-Air) with Ms Melly C Tenorio 738 DZRB AM, [www.pbs.gov.ph] 8-9 evening class Monday to Friday
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
Whose woods these are I think I know.His house is in the village though;He will not see me stopping hereTo watch his woods fill up with snow.My little horse must think it queerTo stop without a farmhouse nearBetween the woods and frozen lakeThe darkest evening of the year.He gives his harness bells a shakeTo ask if there is some mistake.The only other sound’s the sweepOf easy wind and downy flake.The woods are lovely, dark and deep,But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep,And miles to go before I sleep.
The Road Not Taken
TWO roads diverged in a yellow wood,And sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the undergrowth;Then took the other, as just as fair,And having perhaps the better claim,Because it was grassy and wanted wear;Though as for that the passing thereHad worn them really about the same,And both that morning equally layIn leaves no step had trodden black.Oh, I kept the first for another day!Yet knowing how way leads on to way,I doubted if I should ever come back.I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.
Part 2
Common Types of Poetry
Article researched from the Internet, serves as lesson guideline in Paaralang Bayan sa Himpapawid on the subject, in celebration of this year's UN Poetry Day.
The more you read up on the
different types of poetry the better you’ll understand the techniques used by
poets. Listed below is a fairly comprehensive list of the more common
types of poems and structures. In some instances you will find examples
that show a pattern, rhyme or rhythm.
ABC: This type of poem strives to create emotion and images
and consists of five lines. The first four lines are alphabetized and can
begin with any letter but the fifth line is not restricted to the use of any
letter. Example:
Changes, they areDreadful, sometimesExacting, occasionallyFun felt, at timesLife changing and sustaining to the end
Acrostic poem: This is where the first letters of the lines spell out
a word if you read them vertically. There are many poems structured like
this but probably the most famous is done by Edgar Allen Poe and is called
“Elizabeth.” Below is a small example of a poem called Halt.
Halt is stop and waitAgree to not continueLunging forward cautiouslyTorn between waiting – moving
Ballad: This type of poem has a rhyming pattern and is usually
accompanied by music. Many ballads are used in country music or
western-type movies. Ballads are also used in many Latin songs. A
ballad rhyme scheme is usually ABCB.
Bio: This poem is written about one’s self life, ambitions
and personality traits.
Blank verse poetry: This is unrhymed poetry and usually written in iambic
pentameter. The lines can be composed of any meter. This was a
favorite during the Renaissance because of its resemblance to classical
poetry. This was probably one of the most influential forms of poetry in
the English language since the sixteenth century. William Shakespeare
wrote much of his plays in unrhymed iambic pentameter.
Canzone: This is a Medieval Italian lyric style poem with five
or six stanzas but which has a shorter ending stanza.
Cinquain: This type of poem consists of five lines. The
first line is just a one-word title, the second line has two words that
describe the title, the third line has three words that tell the action, the
fourth line has four words that express the feeling and the fifth line has one
word that recalls the title. This takes some thought but can present some
good poetry. This poem is called Dolls.
DollsCutesy cuddlySleep sooth shushSometimes make me smileFigurines
Classicism: This poetry has the characteristics of Greek and Roman art,
architecture and literature. This example is by Alexander Pope and is
called Eloisa to Abelard.
In these deep solitudes and awful cells,Where heav’nly-pensive contemplation dwells,And ever-musing melancholy reigns;What means this tumult in a vestal’s veins?Why rove my thoughts beyond this last retreat?Why feels my heart its long-forgotten heat?
Couplets: This is a two-line poem with a simple rhyming
pattern. Each line should have the same number of syllables and the
endings must rhyme with one another.
A spider crawled upon my headBut still ignored my total dread
Elegy: This type of poem is a sad and thoughtful and is written
around the death of a person.
Epitaph: This type of poetry is written for those that have
died and is usually used as a commemorative inscription for some person’s
headstone or tomb.
Ghazal: This is a short lyrical poem that arose with the language
Urdu. Urdu is mostly spoken in Pakistan. This particular poem is between
five and fifteen couplets long. Each couplet carries its own thought;
however, the full poem is linked by rhythmic structure. The lines within
the couplets are equal in length. The themes tend to be centered on love
and romance but they don’t have to be. In closing the poem, the poet’s
name is either mentioned or alluded to in some way.
Haiku: A poem structure used by Japanese but has now made it
into the English mainstream. This type of poem is made up of three lines
with the first line having five syllables, the second line having seven
syllables and the third line having five syllables. Most Haiku poems are
usually centered on nature themes.
Bending down, then notTrunks meet blue sky and green earthTrees in abundance
Idyll: This type of poetry depicts peacefulness and many
times contains country scenes and includes stories about heroes and the
bye-gone age that has eluded us.
Italian Sonnet: Known as Petrarchan sonnet. This follows the
rhyme scheme of ABBA ABBA CDE CDE. Note that this has four quatrains and
no couplets. Italian Sonnets contain lines that are divided into a
group of eight (called an octave) and then are followed by a group of six
(called a sestet). Most sonnets are now written with the a-b-b-a, a-b-b-a
rhyme scheme and the sestet is either c-d-e-c-d-e or c-d-c-c-d-c. Later another
variation was added and this was c-d-c-d-c-d. The following poem is
by James DeFord.
Turn back the heart you’ve turned awayGive back your kissing breathLeave not my love as you have leftThe broken hearts of yesterdayBut wait, be still, don’t lose this wayAffection now, for what you guessMay be something more, could be lessAccept my love, live for today.Your roses wilted, as love spurnedYet trust in me, my love and truthDwell in my heart, from which you’ve turnedMy strength as great as yours aloofIt is in fear you turn awayAnd miss the chance of love today!
Limerick: This poem consists of five lines and has a very distinctive
rhythm. It follows a rhyme scheme of AABBA, with the first, second, and
fifth rhyming lines being longer than the third and fourth. Limericks are
often done with humor, can be mean spirited or have a naughty edge. A
good limerick by Edward Lear is shown below.
There was a Young Lady whose eyes,Were unique as to colour and size;When she opened them wide,People all turned aside,And started away in surprise.
Narrative: This type of poem tells a story and does not follow the
traditional rhythms and rhymes used in regular poetry. This story can be
true or imagined and it can have all the elements of fiction such as
characters, possibly a narrator, a plot or even dialogue. Edgar Allen
Poe’s poem, The Raven fits this structure.
Quatrain: This is a stanza or verse consisting of four lines,
especially one with lines that rhyme alternately. The rhyming scheme can
be ABAB or AABB.
Rhyme Royal: This type of poetry consists of stanzas that have
seven lines in iambic pentameter.
Rondeau: This lyrical poem has its origin in France. It
contains ten to thirteen lines, has two rhymes and the opening phrase is
repeated twice as the refrain.
Sestina: line stanzas plus three lines at the end of the
poem. line stanza pattern is ABCDEF FAEBDC CFDABE ECBFAD DEACFB BDFECA. In
the last three line section the pattern has two of the words, one in the middle
of the line and then one at the end. This is also a very difficult and
complex poem to write.
Sonnets: A poem in iambic pentameter and is made up of fourteen
lines. English sonnets use quatrains and couplets with this
pattern. Rhyming pattern is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. Many of Shakespeare’s
poems were written in this pattern.
Villanelle: This type of poem is less common and much more difficult to
form but it does produce thought-provoking effects. The rhyming scheme is
sophisticated and can be tricky. The scheme is ABAABAABAABAABAABAA. Note
that there is no space between the last two lines. Notice that
the first line is repeated as the third line of the second, fourth, and sixth
stanzas. See that the third line is repeated at the end of the third,
fifth, and sixth stanzas.
A very good Villanelle by Dylan Thomas is shown
below. It is called Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night.
Do not go gentle into that good night,Old age should burn and rave at close of day;Rage, rage against the dying of the light.Though wise men at their end know dark is right,Because their words had forked no lightning theyDo not go gentle into that good night.Good men, the last wave by, crying how brightTheir frail deeds might have danced in a green bay,Rage, rage against the dying of the light.Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way,Do not go gentle into that good night.Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sightBlind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay,Rage, rage against the dying of the light.And you, my father, there on the sad height,Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray.Do not go gentle into that good night.Rage, rage against the dying of the light.
The lines “Do not go gentle into
that good night” and “Rage, rage against the dying of the light” are repeated
throughout the poem. Notice the structure and rhythm of the
poem. This is one of the more difficult structures to work with but when
done correctly is very effective. ~
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