Monday, February 1, 2016

Classification and Taxonomy of Local Vegetables


Also refer to Plants Every Home Garden Must Have in this Blog
Dr Abe V Rotor 
Living with Nature School on Blog 
Paaralang Bayan sa Himpapawid with Ms Melly C Tenorio 

738 DZRB AM Band, 8 to 9 evening class, Monday to Friday

Squash flower and saluyot
Vegetables are classified into five categories: leaf (lettuce), fruit (tomato), root (gabi or taro), seed (Lima bean or patani), top and flower (banana heart or puso ng saging). There are vegetables that do not fall under any of these, so that a secondary classification is necessary. These are seaweed (Caulerpa - arusip or lato), single-celled (Spirolina), and fungus (mushroom).

There are vegetables that are classified under two or three categories, such as malunggay (leaf and fruit), squash or kalabasa (leaf or top, flower, fruit and even seed - butong kalabasa), kamote or sweet potato (top and root). The vegetable with practically all its parts useful is gabi: leaves, stalk, runners or stolon, and tuber.

How do we classify onion? Well, the bulb is actually enlarged leaves, metamorphosed leaves  in botany. For practical purposes, the onion bulb is classified root vegetable. The Irish potato or patatas is a metamorphosed stem. Its "eyes" are actually nodes. But it is classified root vegetable. The rhizome of ginger or luya is metamorphosed stem, but it is also considered as root vegetable.

Now there are vegetables which are also eaten as fruit. Take the case of pineapple. It comes in various recipes. Santol and guava are used in cooking sinigang. So with kamias.Green mango is best served with bagoong alamngSinampalokan, anyone?

During emergency such as famine, people resort to what is called "hunger" food plants. A number of them are seasonal, they just sprout from the ground after the first heavy rain following a long dry summer. Examples are saluyot, kam-kamote, spinach, and gulasiman.

During drought people hunt for wild yam, tugui' and ube hidden under the parched earth. In the the movie, The Gods Must be Crazy, the natives of the Kalahari desert are experts in survival skill.

There are unlikely sources like ubod or heart of coconut, maguey and banana, which as a consequence, kill the plant. A bamboo shoot or labong is a potential pole many times more valuable. Harvesting sago is in effect killing the palm tree which may be from 10 to 50 years. Sago flour is gathered from the pith of its trunk.

This special case is one for the Book of Guinness - vegetable soup from stone, literally stone soupLumot or algae grow on stone or a piece of rock found in clear rivers or coral reefs. The stone is "roasted" and made into soup, say with tomato and onion, or the crusted stone or rock is simply cooked with bulanglang. One advantage of the latter is that the stone brings boiling time faster, indeed to the delight of the hungry stomach.

Here are scientific names of vegetables. Identify their common or dialect names, and classify each accordingly. Indicate their specific uses, their products and values. Also indicate the areas they are widely cultivated.
  1. Glicine max
  2. Brassica oleracea var capitata
  3. Ipomea aquatica
  4. Vigna sequipedales
  5. Brassica oleracea
  6. Dolichos lalab
  7. Musa sapientum
  8. Colocasia esculenta
  9. Solanum tuberosum
  10. Moringa oleracea
  11. Dolichos lablab
  12. Pseudocarpus tetragonolobus
  13. Momordica charantia
  14. Solanum melongena
  15. Lycopersicum esculentum
  16. Nostoc
  17. Enteromorpha intestinalis
  18. Caulerpa racemosa
  19. Volvariella esculenta
  20. Ipomea batatas
  21. Averrhoa balimbi
  22. Manihot utilissima
  23. Phaseolus lunatus
  24. Cucurbita maxima
  25. Dacus carota
  26. Lagenaria leucantha
  27. Pacchuyrizus erosus
  28. Manihot utilissima
  29. Sesbania grandiflora
  30. Gliricida sepium
  31. Zea mays
  32. Apium graveolens
  33. Ipomea aquatica
  34. Lactuca sativa
  35. Phaseolus aureus
  36. Capsicum annuum
  37. Allium tuberosum
  38. Allium sepa
  39. Brassica chinensis
  40. Oryza sativa
  41. Luffa acutangula
  42. Zingiber officinale
  43. Moringa oleifera
  44. Tamarindus indica
  45. Centella asiatica
  46. abelmoschus esculentus
  47. Pachyrizus erosus
  48. Amaranthus spinosus
  49. Talinum triangulare
  50. Bixa orellana
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