The Virulent Virus
Self-Administered Test on Viruses (True or False, 25 items)
World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the full death toll associated directly or indirectly with the COVID-19 pandemic (described as “excess mortality”) between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021 was approximately 14.9 million (range 13.3 million to 16.6 million).
Dr Abe V Rotor
Ebola virus disease (EVD), Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), or simply Ebola is a disease of humans and other primates caused by an ebolavirus.
Ebola virus
Symptoms start two days to three weeks after contracting the virus, with a fever, sore throat, muscle pain and headaches. Typically, vomiting, diarrhea and rash follow, along with decreased functioning of the liver and kidneys. Around this time, affected people may begin to bleed both within the body and externally. The virus may be acquired upon contact with blood or bodily fluids of an infected animal.
Binding of virus with host cell, initial step
1. Viruses are as old as mankind.
2. A(H1N1) virus is transmitted between swine and human, and human and human.
3. Symptoms of swine flu and chicken flu (H5N1) and SARS may be mistaken for seasonal flu.
4. Virus is the smallest disease-causing contagion – nothing smaller.
5. Wearing mask gives total protection against flu virus and other viruses. That's why it was mandatory - and still is in many societies - to wear protective mask against COVID-19 transmission.
6. Viruses are like bacteria in size, that’s why they can easily attack them.
7. Viruses are considered living things, and they occupy the lowest rung of the evolutionary ladder, and base of the phylogeny tree.
8. Viruses can mutate continuously, but under natural condition humans can also develop the needed resistance.
9. Virus of tobacco can live for a hundred years in dormant stage – then resurrect, inspiring humans of the possibility of resurrection.
10. Viruses are obligate parasites, that is, they can’t live outside the body of their host.
11. Viral diseases of plants include blight of rice, rust of coffee and smut of corn.
12. At the incipient stage of flu, take antibiotics to arrest its spread.
13. Viral disease in plants (grapes, pechay, tomato) may be mistaken for soil nutrient deficiency.
14. You can prune out the infected branch to save viral infected citrus (psorosis). Do this also to papaya and the new shoot will be free of the virus.
15. Seeds of viral infected plants are virus-free, thanks to Nature. She is kind after all.
16. Viral epidemic stops when finally it “burns itself” no more host left, or its hosts have developed resistance.
17. The most destructive insects are those that carry viral diseases – rather than those that are voracious eaters.
18. Cigarette smokers are viral disease carriers – they can transmit viruses of potato, tomato, cucumber, squash, and pepper.
19. Most viruses of plants are isometric, spindle or rod-shape, animal and human viruses are spherical like sputnik or pollen.
20. Obesity is caused by viruses that invade the fat cells and stimulate them into giant cells. This is how obesity epidemic is spreading in the US where one out of five individual are suspected obese.
21. Viruses can not be “killed” or destroyed even at extreme heat – and even if they are separated, they have the ability to reassemble and resume virulence.
22. There are three basic parts of the virus: RNA, protein coat, and cell wall.
23. Mad Cow disease or BSE is cause by a virus, and the virus also infects man (CJD) with same symptoms.
24. While there is no general or overall immunization to flu, science has developed antiviral drugs to suppress viruses at the onset of its attack.
25. Our global concerted effort to contain the spread of A(H1N1) stems form the fact that pandemic is like explosion – once it explodes they is no way of controlling this devastation. Take the case of the 1918 -20 Spanish flu: an estimated 100 million people died of the pandemic, killing 1 out of 6 people on earth. In the US alone, average age plunged to 12 years old. The current COVID-19 pandemic, even in its decline, is a reminder that the world is still vulnerable to global plague as experienced in the past, in spite of the advances of science and technology.
ANSWERS: 1F(They came very much ahead, probably as early as 1 to 3 billion years ago.) 2T, 3T (also Leptospirosis), 4F, 5F, 6F, 7F, 8T, 9T, 10T, 11F(these are fungal diseases), 12F, 13T, 14F, 15F, 16T, 17T, 18F (cucumber and squash not included - they are crucifers, only solanaceous plants are infected), 19T, 20T(Adenovirus 36), 21F, 22F, 23F, 24T (ex. Tamiflu) 25T.
3. Symptoms of swine flu and chicken flu (H5N1) and SARS may be mistaken for seasonal flu.
4. Virus is the smallest disease-causing contagion – nothing smaller.
5. Wearing mask gives total protection against flu virus and other viruses. That's why it was mandatory - and still is in many societies - to wear protective mask against COVID-19 transmission.
6. Viruses are like bacteria in size, that’s why they can easily attack them.
7. Viruses are considered living things, and they occupy the lowest rung of the evolutionary ladder, and base of the phylogeny tree.
8. Viruses can mutate continuously, but under natural condition humans can also develop the needed resistance.
9. Virus of tobacco can live for a hundred years in dormant stage – then resurrect, inspiring humans of the possibility of resurrection.
10. Viruses are obligate parasites, that is, they can’t live outside the body of their host.
11. Viral diseases of plants include blight of rice, rust of coffee and smut of corn.
12. At the incipient stage of flu, take antibiotics to arrest its spread.
13. Viral disease in plants (grapes, pechay, tomato) may be mistaken for soil nutrient deficiency.
14. You can prune out the infected branch to save viral infected citrus (psorosis). Do this also to papaya and the new shoot will be free of the virus.
15. Seeds of viral infected plants are virus-free, thanks to Nature. She is kind after all.
16. Viral epidemic stops when finally it “burns itself” no more host left, or its hosts have developed resistance.
17. The most destructive insects are those that carry viral diseases – rather than those that are voracious eaters.
18. Cigarette smokers are viral disease carriers – they can transmit viruses of potato, tomato, cucumber, squash, and pepper.
19. Most viruses of plants are isometric, spindle or rod-shape, animal and human viruses are spherical like sputnik or pollen.
20. Obesity is caused by viruses that invade the fat cells and stimulate them into giant cells. This is how obesity epidemic is spreading in the US where one out of five individual are suspected obese.
21. Viruses can not be “killed” or destroyed even at extreme heat – and even if they are separated, they have the ability to reassemble and resume virulence.
22. There are three basic parts of the virus: RNA, protein coat, and cell wall.
23. Mad Cow disease or BSE is cause by a virus, and the virus also infects man (CJD) with same symptoms.
24. While there is no general or overall immunization to flu, science has developed antiviral drugs to suppress viruses at the onset of its attack.
25. Our global concerted effort to contain the spread of A(H1N1) stems form the fact that pandemic is like explosion – once it explodes they is no way of controlling this devastation. Take the case of the 1918 -20 Spanish flu: an estimated 100 million people died of the pandemic, killing 1 out of 6 people on earth. In the US alone, average age plunged to 12 years old. The current COVID-19 pandemic, even in its decline, is a reminder that the world is still vulnerable to global plague as experienced in the past, in spite of the advances of science and technology.
ANSWERS: 1F(They came very much ahead, probably as early as 1 to 3 billion years ago.) 2T, 3T (also Leptospirosis), 4F, 5F, 6F, 7F, 8T, 9T, 10T, 11F(these are fungal diseases), 12F, 13T, 14F, 15F, 16T, 17T, 18F (cucumber and squash not included - they are crucifers, only solanaceous plants are infected), 19T, 20T(Adenovirus 36), 21F, 22F, 23F, 24T (ex. Tamiflu) 25T.
Acknowledgment: Lesson on former Paaralang Bayan sa Himpapawid, DZRB 738 KHz 8 to 90 pm Monday to Friday; Photos from Principles of Molecular Virology, Fourth Edition by Alan J Cann
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